Drug Possession in New York: What the Court Data Shows

According to 95,766 DCJS pretrial release records from 2019–2024, Drug Possession cases across 59 New York counties have an average dismissal rate of 37.4% and an average conviction rate of 62.5%.

Drug possession charges account for a significant share of criminal cases in New York courts. This page examines what DCJS pretrial release records (2019-2024) reveal about how drug possession cases are handled across the state's 62 counties.

What Our Data Shows About Drug Possession Outcomes

Based on our analysis of drug possession cases across New York courts (DCJS pretrial release records, 2019-2024):

• Pretrial release patterns for drug possession vary by county, charge severity, and the substance involved
• Charge reduction rates suggest that many drug possession cases are resolved through plea negotiations
• Bail reform had a notable impact on pretrial release for drug possession charges

View drug possession statistics across all New York counties

Variation Across New York

Drug possession outcomes differ substantially depending on which county hears the case. Our data shows variation in pretrial release rates, charge reduction patterns, and disposition timelines across New York's 62 counties. These differences may reflect local court practices, the availability of diversion and treatment programs, and prosecutorial priorities in each jurisdiction.

Pretrial Release Patterns

Drug possession cases in New York range from misdemeanors to serious felonies depending on the substance and quantity. Our data tracks how pretrial release decisions differ across this spectrum. Bail reform significantly affected pretrial release for many drug possession charges, with the 2022 amendments creating additional shifts in the data.

Understanding the Statistics

When reviewing drug possession data, keep in mind:

• Statistics reflect aggregate patterns from DCJS pretrial release records — individual outcomes depend on the specific facts of each case
• County-level differences may reflect local practices, caseload volumes, and available programs
• Data covers 2019-2024, a period that includes bail reform and its subsequent amendments

Next Steps

For information about drug possession laws and potential penalties, consult a licensed New York attorney or visit the New York Penal Law. To explore the data, view our drug possession statistics by county.